Troponin I Rapid Test

The Troponin I Rapid Test Cassette (Serum/Plasma/Whole Blood) is a qualitative test based on chromatographic immunoassay for rapid detection of human cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in serum, plasma, or whole blood. The test is designed to be used by professionals and provides a preliminary result for patient suspected of having Myocardial Infarction (MI). The test is NOT designed to diagnose MI in the absence of additional clinical data.

Cardiac Troponin I is a protein found in cardiac muscle, with a molecular weight of 22.5 kDa. Troponin I is part of a three subunit complex comprised of Troponin T and Troponin C. Along with tropomyosin, this structural complex forms the main component that regulates the calcium sensitive ATPase activity of actomyosin in striated skeletal and cardiac muscle. After cardiac injury occurs, Troponin I is released into the blood 4-6 hours after the onset of pain. The release pattern of Troponin I is similar to CK-MB, but while CK-MB levels return to normal after 72 hours, Troponin I remains elevated for 6-10 days, thus providing for a longer window of detection for cardiac injury. The high specificity of cTnI measurements for identification of myocardial damage has been demonstrated in conditions such as the perioperative period, after marathon runs, and blunt chest trauma. cTnI release has also been documented in cardiac conditions other than acute myocardial infarction (AMI) such as unstable angina, congestive heart failure, and ischemic damage due to coronary artery bypass surgery. Because of its high specificity and sensitivity in the myocardial tissue, Troponin I has recently become the most preferred biomarker for myocardial infarction.

The Troponin I Rapid Test Cassette (Serum/Plasma/Whole Blood) is a simple test that utilizes a combination of anti-cTnI antibody coated particles and capture reagent to detect cTnI in serum, plasma, or whole blood. The minimum detection level is 0.5 ng/ml.

The Troponin I Rapid Test Cassette (Serum/Plasma/Whole Blood) is a qualitative membrane-based immunoassay for the detection of cTnI in human serum, plasma, or whole blood. The membrane is pre-coated with capture reagent on the test line region of the test. During testing, the whole blood, serum, or plasma specimen reacts with the particle coated with anti-cTnI antibodies. The mixture migrates upward on the membrane chromatographically by capillary action to react with capture reagent on membrane and generate a colored line. The presence of this colored line in the test line region indicates a positive result, while its absence indicates a negative result. To serve as a procedural control, a colored line will always appear in the control line region indicating that proper volume of specimen has been added and membrane wicking has occurred.

1. What is a troponin test?

A troponin test looks for the protein troponin (there are two forms related to your heart, troponin I and troponin T) in your blood. Normally, troponin stays inside your heart muscle's cells, but damage to those cells - like the kind of damage from a heart attack - causes troponin to leak into your blood. Higher levels of troponin in your blood also mean more heart damage, which can help healthcare providers determine the severity of a heart attack.

Newer versions of this test are much more sensitive and can pick up far smaller amounts of this protein in your blood than before. That can speed up the process of diagnosing a heart attack. This test is also useful when other tests are inconclusive or when you have vague symptoms. This test is also known as a cardiac troponin test, or uses the abbreviations cTn, cTnI or cTnT, depending on the specific type of test. Some versions of this test can only detect one type of troponin, while others can detect both.

2. What is troponin?

Troponin is a protein, a complex chemical molecule, found in certain types of muscle in your body. Under normal circumstances, it exists inside muscle cells and only freely circulates in your bloodstream in tiny amounts. However, damage to certain types of muscle cells can cause more troponin to escape into your blood.

There are two types of troponin that are more detectable after heart muscle damage, which use the letters I and T to tell them apart.

● Troponin I (cTnI). This kind of troponin is unique to heart muscle.

● Troponin T (cTnT). Troponin T does exist in other types of muscle, but the amounts are very limited. The Troponin T in your heart muscle also has a slightly different structure, which doesn't occur anywhere else in your body.

Troponin levels usually increase sharply within three to 12 hours after a heart attack and peak about 24 hours after the heart attack. They will also remain high for several days.

3. Why would I need this test?

The most common use of troponin tests is to confirm or rule out a heart attack. However, any kind of damage to heart muscle can potentially cause the release of this chemical into your bloodstream. Other conditions that can cause your troponin levels to increase include:

● Chronic kidney disease.

● Pulmonary embolism (a blood clot in your lungs).

● Congestive heart failure.

● Heart surgery.

● Heart valve diseases.

● Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

● Sepsis.

● Exercising too much or too strenuously.

● Extreme emotional strain, such as grief or stress.

NEGATIVE: One colored line appears in the control line region (C). No apparent colored line appears in the test line region (T).

POSITIVE:* Two distinct colored lines appear. One colored line should be in the control line region (C) and another apparent colored line should be in the test line region (T).

*NOTE: The intensity of the color in the test line region (T) will vary depending on the concentration of cTnI present in the specimen. Therefore, any shade of color in the test line region (T) should be considered positive.

INVALID: Control line fails to appear. Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques are the most likely reasons for control line failure. Review the procedure and repeat the test with a new test cassette. If the problem persists, discontinue using the test kit immediately and contact your local distributor.

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